Joseph Ratzinger, who in 2004 was head of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, explained how Catholics must believe essential Catholic doctrine but need not accept every exhortation issued on social justice.
One year before becoming Pope Benedict XVI, Cdl. Canon 750 says:Ī person must believe with divine and Catholic faith all those things contained in the word of God, written or handed on, that is, in the one deposit of faith entrusted to the Church, and at the same time proposed as divinely revealed either by the solemn magisterium of the Church or by its ordinary and universal magisterium. To be excommunicated a person must obstinately reject or positively doubt what they know to be the Church's teaching on faith or morals.Ī person commits the sin of formal heresy by deliberately dissenting from some magisterial teaching contained in the Deposit of Faith, that body of public revelation given to the Church by Christ through the Apostles.
Formal heresy is sinfully persisting in that misunderstanding even after being corrected by the Church.įormal heresy, as defined in canon 751 of the Code of Canon Law and paragraph 2089 of the Catechism of the Catholic Church, "is the obstinate denial or obstinate doubt after the reception of baptism of some truth which is to be believed by divine and Catholic faith."Ĭanon 1364 says heretics are automatically excommunicated. Material heresy is an innocent misunderstanding of Catholic teaching on faith or morals.
There are two types of heresy, material and formal.
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